Gum disease is one of the most common oral health issues, affecting nearly half of adults over the age of 30. While early stages of gum disease—also known as gingivitis—can often be reversed with improved hygiene and routine cleanings, more advanced stages like periodontitis require a specialized approach. That’s where periodontal maintenance comes in.
If you’ve been diagnosed with gum disease or are at high risk, periodontal maintenance can play a key role in stopping its progression and preserving your oral health long-term. But what exactly does it involve, and how does it help?
Let’s break down how periodontal maintenance works and why it’s essential in preventing gum disease.
What Is Periodontal Disease?
Periodontal disease is an infection of the gums that affects the tissues and bones supporting the teeth. It begins with plaque buildup, which irritates the gums and leads to inflammation. If left untreated, this inflammation causes the gums to pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that harbor bacteria and lead to bone loss.
The two main stages of gum disease are:
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Gingivitis: The early stage, marked by red, swollen gums that may bleed during brushing.
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Periodontitis: A more advanced stage that can result in gum recession, tooth mobility, and even tooth loss.
What Is Periodontal Maintenance?
Periodontal maintenance is a specialized dental cleaning regimen designed for patients with a history of gum disease. It goes beyond a typical dental cleaning by targeting the areas most vulnerable to bacteria: deep periodontal pockets, below-the-gumline tartar, and inflamed tissues.
This maintenance is usually recommended after scaling and root planing (a deep cleaning procedure) or periodontal surgery. It’s typically scheduled every 3 to 4 months, depending on the patient’s needs.
How Periodontal Maintenance Prevents Gum Disease
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Removes Plaque and Tartar Buildup
Even with excellent brushing and flossing at home, it’s nearly impossible to remove all plaque—especially below the gumline. Periodontal maintenance removes hard-to-reach tartar that can lead to recurring inflammation and infection. -
Disrupts Bacterial Colonies
Bacteria multiply rapidly in the warm, moist pockets between your gums and teeth. Frequent cleaning breaks up these colonies before they can cause significant tissue damage or bone loss. -
Reduces Inflammation
By cleaning infected and irritated areas, periodontal maintenance helps calm inflamed gums and prevent them from receding or forming deeper pockets. -
Monitors Disease Progression
Your dental provider uses each visit to track the depth of periodontal pockets, check for bleeding, and assess the stability of your teeth. Early detection of any changes allows for quicker treatment and better outcomes. -
Protects Against Tooth Loss
Gum disease is the leading cause of adult tooth loss. By keeping your gums healthy and stable, periodontal maintenance supports the structural integrity of your teeth and jawbone.
What Happens During a Periodontal Maintenance Visit?
Each appointment typically includes:
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A thorough review of your medical and dental history
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Measurement of periodontal pocket depths
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Removal of plaque and tartar above and below the gumline
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Scaling and root planing, if necessary
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Polishing of teeth
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Evaluation of gum health and bone levels
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Personalized oral hygiene recommendations
These visits are tailored to your unique situation and may include additional treatments such as localized antibiotic therapy or irrigation with antimicrobial agents.
Who Needs Periodontal Maintenance?
Periodontal maintenance is recommended if you:
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Have been treated for moderate to severe periodontitis
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Have a history of gum disease with bone loss
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Are genetically predisposed to periodontal problems
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Smoke or use tobacco
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Have underlying conditions like diabetes that increase gum disease risk
Even if your gums appear healthy now, a maintenance plan ensures they stay that way.
At-Home Care Between Visits
While professional cleanings are critical, your daily oral hygiene routine matters just as much. To support your periodontal maintenance plan:
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Brush twice daily with a soft-bristled toothbrush
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Floss or use interdental brushes every day
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Use antimicrobial mouthwash if recommended
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Avoid tobacco and limit sugary snacks
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Keep regular dental appointments
Consistency is key to stopping gum disease from coming back.
Gum disease doesn’t develop overnight, and it doesn’t go away without proactive care. Periodontal maintenance is a vital tool in preventing its return and protecting the long-term health of your teeth and gums. With regular checkups, deep cleanings, and a strong at-home routine, you can maintain healthy gums and avoid the complications of advanced periodontitis.
If you’ve been treated for gum disease or are concerned about your gum health, talk to your dentist about creating a personalized periodontal maintenance plan. Your future smile will thank you.
